The Muslim population across the globe is vast and diverse, with significant numbers in various countries. Here are the top 10 countries with the largest Muslim populations in 2023:

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1. Indonesia: With a Muslim population of approximately 231 million, Indonesia stands as the country with the highest number of Muslims.
2. Pakistan: Home to around 212.3 million Muslims, Pakistan ranks second on the list.
3. India: Despite being a secular country with multiple religions, India has a substantial Muslim population of around 200 million.
4. Bangladesh: This South Asian country has a Muslim population of approximately 153.7 million.
5. Nigeria: In Africa, Nigeria leads with a Muslim population estimated between 95 and 103 million.
6. Egypt: Another African country, Egypt, has a Muslim population ranging from 85 to 90 million.
7. Iran: As a predominantly Muslim country, Iran has around 82.5 million Muslims.
8. Turkey: Straddling Eastern Europe and Western Asia, Turkey has a Muslim population of about 74.43 million.
9. Algeria: Located in North Africa, Algeria has a Muslim population of approximately 41.24 million.
10. Sudan: Rounding off the top 10, Sudan in Northeast Africa has a Muslim population of around 39.59 million.

These figures highlight the widespread presence of Islam across different continents and cultures. It's a testament to the religion's global reach and the diverse backgrounds of its adherents.